Meghalaya

Meghalaya, located in Northeast India, has an estimated Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Rs. 52,974 crore (US$ 6.36 billion) for 2024-25, growing at a CAGR of 8.47% from 2015-16 to 2024-25. The state’s net state domestic product (NSDP) reached Rs. 37,925 crore (US$ 4.76 billion) in 2022-23, driven primarily by services like trade, real estate, and finance. The primary sector remains a key contributor, expanding at 10.73% CAGR between 2011-12 and 2022-23.

Meghalaya has diverse soil types, enabling the cultivation of crops like rice, maize, and oilseeds. The state has also seen growth in non-traditional crops such as tea, cashew nuts, and mushrooms. In 2019-20, the state produced 393.51 thousand tonnes of fruits and 75.38 thousand tonnes of spices.

Endowed with minerals like coal, limestone, and uranium, Meghalaya holds substantial industrial potential. The state is also a tourist hub, offering adventure tourism like mountaineering and wildlife experiences.

Meghalaya recorded US$ 6.12 million in exports in 2025, with iron and steel and coal dominating the export portfolio. FDI inflows stood at US$ 1.14 million between October 2019 and June 2024.

Nagaland is located in the farthest northeast of India, bordered by Myanmar to the east, Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Assam to the west, and Manipur to the south. The state has abundant natural resources, including 600 million metric tons (MT) of crude oil, 315 MT of coal, and 1,038 MT of limestone reserves. Nagaland also holds significant hydropower potential.

Agriculturally, the state is well-suited for floriculture and horticulture, with 650 indigenous species of medicinal and aromatic plants. Bamboo is abundant, with nearly 5% of India's bamboo stock found here. Raw silk production in the state has been steadily increasing, reaching 304 MT in 2022-23.

Nagaland has an installed power generation capacity of 208.20 MW as of August 2024, with a mix of thermal, hydro, and renewable energy contributions. The state is also developing new energy projects, including a 20 MW solar power project and several hydropower and thermal projects.

Exports from Nagaland stood at US$ 1.13 million in FY25 (until August), with key exports including minerals, engineering products, handloom products, and tobacco.

The state offers various fiscal incentives for industries like agro-processing, mining, tourism, and handicrafts, supported by institutions like the Nagaland Industrial Development Council.

Manipur is situated in the eastern-most corner of Northeast India, sharing borders with Nagaland, Mizoram, Assam, and Myanmar. Known for its scenic beauty, it is often called the ‘Switzerland of the East’. The state serves as India’s ‘Gateway to the East’ through the town of Moreh, facilitating trade with Southeast Asian countries like Myanmar. Bamboo forests cover about 8,377 square km, and it is home to India’s highest number of handicraft units.

Manipur’s economic development is supported by handlooms, with a significant cluster project in Imphal East worth Rs. 30 crore. The state's GSDP is projected to reach Rs. 49,937 crore (US$ 6.00 billion) by 2024-25, expanding at a CAGR of 10.99%. The tertiary sector dominates with 64.77% contribution, followed by the primary sector at 26.76%. Exports include engineering goods, plastic sheets, drugs, and garments

Key infrastructure projects include the world’s highest pier bridge (Rs. 2.8 billion), the Jiribam-Imphal railway line completed in 2023, and ongoing national highway projects worth Rs. 14,259 crore. As of August 2024, power generation is 270.41 MW, with substantial contributions from hydropower, thermal, and renewable energy.

Mizoram, one of the seven northeastern states of India, shares international borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar and domestic borders with Assam, Manipur, and Tripura. This strategic location gives Mizoram a unique advantage as a gateway for international trade with Southeast Asian countries. Over the last decade, road, rail, and air connectivity has significantly improved, enhancing trade facilitation and regional integration.

At current prices, Mizoram’s Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) is estimated at Rs. 48,038 crore (US$ 5.77 billion) in 2024–25. The Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) reached Rs. 242.93 billion (US$ 3.31 billion) in 2021–22, growing at a CAGR of 10.16% since 2015–16.

The state’s climatic conditions favor sericulture, making it a key industry. Raw silk production rose from 59 MT in FY22 to 84 MT in FY23. As of March 2024, Mizoram’s total power generation capacity stood at 265.23 MW, with hydro, thermal, and renewable sources contributing significantly. The 2024–25 state budget allocated Rs. 944 crore (US$ 114.7 million) to the energy sector.

With a 91.33% literacy rate and strong English proficiency, Mizoram’s workforce is well-positioned for growth in knowledge-based and service sectors.

Tripura, located in Northeast India, shares borders with Bangladesh to the north, west, south, and southeast, and with Assam and Mizoram to the east. The state’s favorable climate supports the cultivation of various crops, including rice, jackfruit, pineapple, and sugarcane. It is also rich in natural resources like natural gas, rubber, tea, and medicinal plants. Tripura’s GDP in 2022-23 stood at approximately Rs. 705.43 billion (US$ 8.47 billion), with a CAGR of 10.11% between 2015-16 and 2022-23.

Tourism thrives, with attractions such as historical Hindu and Buddhist sites, temples, and rock carvings. In 2019, the state recorded 154,405 foreign tourist arrivals.

The state has an installed power capacity of 647.70 MW (as of August 2024), with significant contributions from thermal (542.94 MW), hydropower (68.49 MW), and renewable energy (36.27 MW). Tripura’s 87.22% literacy rate surpasses the national average, making it a suitable destination for knowledge-based industries.

The state offers fiscal incentives under the Tripura Industrial Investment Promotion Incentive Scheme (2017), enhancing business opportunities.